# PT-141 References: The Cited Bremelanotide Literature

> PT-141 references — the full cited bremelanotide literature behind this digest: the RECONNECT trials, the fMRI mechanism study, the FDA label, and the preclinical record.

Every quantitative claim on this site maps to one of these sources — PubMed, ClinicalTrials.gov, the FDA label, and the NIH LiverTox monograph.

## About these PT-141 references

These PT-141 references are the published sources behind every cited figure in this digest. The human evidence centers on the two RECONNECT Phase 3 trials and their 52-week extension, the mechanistic fMRI study, and the FDA prescribing information; the preclinical and mechanistic context comes from the alpha-MSH-analogue pharmacology and the female-rat solicitation work. Each entry carries a DOI or a PubMed/ClinicalTrials.gov/NIH URL so the claim can be checked at the source. The full list is numbered below and corresponds to the inline [N] markers used across the site.

## References

[1] Molinoff PB, Shadiack AM, Earle D, Diamond LE, Quon CY. PT-141: a melanocortin agonist for the treatment of sexual dysfunction. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2003;994:96-102. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12851303/
[2] Pfaus J, Shadiack A, Van Soest T, Tse M, Molinoff P. Selective facilitation of sexual solicitation in the female rat by a melanocortin receptor agonist. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004;101:10201-10204. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15226502/
[3] Kingsberg SA, Clayton AH, Portman D, Williams LA, Krop J, Jordan R, Lucas J, Simon JA. Bremelanotide for the Treatment of Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder: Two Randomized Phase 3 Trials. Obstet Gynecol. 2019;134(5):899-908. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31599840/
[4] Simon JA, Kingsberg SA, Portman D, Williams LA, Krop J, Jordan R, Lucas J, Clayton AH. Long-Term Safety and Efficacy of Bremelanotide for Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder. Obstet Gynecol. 2019;134(5):909-917. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31599847/
[5] Thurston L, Hunjan T, Mills EG, Wall MB, Ertl N, Phylactou M, et al. Melanocortin 4 receptor agonism enhances sexual brain processing in women with hypoactive sexual desire disorder. J Clin Invest. 2022;132(19):e152341. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36189794/
[6] U.S. Food and Drug Administration / DailyMed. Bremelanotide Injection — US Prescribing Information. 2019. https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/lookup.cfm?setid=8c9607a2-5b57-4a59-b159-cf196deebdd9
[7] Diamond LE, Earle DC, Heiman JR, Rosen RC, Perelman MA, Harning R. An Effect on the Subjective Sexual Response in Premenopausal Women with Sexual Arousal Disorder by Bremelanotide (PT-141), a Melanocortin Receptor Agonist. J Sex Med. 2006;3(4):628-638. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16839319/
[8] Pfaus J, Giuliano F, Gelez H. Bremelanotide: An Overview of Preclinical CNS Effects on Female Sexual Function. J Sex Med. 2007;4(Suppl 4):269-279. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1743-6109.2007.00610.x
[9] Shadiack AM, Sharma SD, Earle DC, Spana C, Hallam TJ. Melanocortins in the Treatment of Male and Female Sexual Dysfunction. Curr Top Med Chem. 2007;7(11):1137-1144. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17584134/
[10] Clayton AH, Althof SE, Kingsberg S, DeRogatis LR, Kroll R, Goldstein I, et al. Bremelanotide for Female Sexual Dysfunctions in Premenopausal Women: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Dose-Finding Trial. Womens Health (Lond). 2016;12(3):325-337. https://doi.org/10.2217/whe-2016-0018
[11] Althof S, Derogatis LR, Greenberg S, Clayton AH, Jordan R, Lucas J, Spana C. Responder Analyses from a Phase 2b Dose-Ranging Study of Bremelanotide. J Sex Med. 2019;16(8):1226-1235. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31277966/
[12] Borland JM, Kohut-Jackson AL, Peyla AC, Hall MA, Mermelstein PG, Meisel RL. Female Syrian hamster analyses of bremelanotide, a US FDA approved drug for the treatment of female hypoactive sexual desire disorder. Neuropharmacology. 2025;110299. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39793696/
[13] National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. Bremelanotide — LiverTox: Clinical and Research Information on Drug-Induced Liver Injury. 2021. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK573221/

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PT-141 read as a raw instrument of record — the one approved use, the modest effect, and the nausea-led tolerability cost ruled into the page and cited line by line, with the unverified field reports fenced off behind a dashed border; no clinic behind the grid and nothing here dosed, sourced, or sold.